The main objective of this study was to conduct a strategic foresight analysis of the drivers influencing the optimization and development of digital-driven human resource management (HRM) strategies in digital businesses in Iran. In terms of methodology, the study was conducted based on structural cross-impact matrix analysis within a strategic foresight approach. In terms of purpose, it is classified as an applied-developmental study. The statistical population consisted of 31 experts, including university faculty members and human resource managers of digital businesses in Iran, selected through purposive sampling. The research data were collected through library studies, structured interviews, and a qualitative scoring questionnaire based on a structural cross-impact matrix with scores ranging from zero to three. The collected data were analyzed using MICMAC software. The findings revealed that the transformation of traditional HR structures through emerging technologies, the application of technology-driven algorithms in the development of HR strategies, and the enhancement of resilience and agility in HR operational processes were identified as influential drivers. Furthermore, the use of digital systems for the utilization and sharing of HR data, the establishment of knowledge-based interdepartmental interactions and networks linked to HR management, the development of interactive platforms for improving employees’ digital job skills, and the institutionalization of a technology-oriented culture within HR strategies were identified as dependent drivers. The structured design of technology-oriented strategies for HR decision-making, the integration and unification of intelligent HRM systems, and the creation of an integrated technology-driven ecosystem throughout the HR lifecycle were identified as independent drivers.